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ISO-9001-Lead-Auditor Knowledge Points, ISO-9001-Lead-Auditor Valid Exam Discount
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PECB QMS ISO 9001:2015 Lead Auditor Exam Sample Questions (Q184-Q189):
NEW QUESTION # 184
You, as auditor, are in dialogue with the quality lead and managing director of a small business that supplies specialist laboratory equipment and furniture.
You: "I'd like to look at how you manage change in the organisation. What changes have you made as a business, say, over the last 12 months?" Auditee: "We have made some strategic changes, the main one being that we no longer manufacture our own products in house." You: "That sounds like quite a significant change. What has been the impact of that?" Auditee: "We now mainly sell other manufacturers' products, under their brand names, and have outsourced manufacture of our own brand products to one of our suppliers. Unfortunately, we had to make six members of our staff redundant. This represents about 20% of our workforce, so this has been quite a challenging time." You: "I'm sure. What were the reasons for making the change?" Auditee: "Our manufacturing section was a small operation, and we struggled to cope with fluctuations in demand. During busy periods, we found it hard to meet lead times, and in quiet periods we had staff with little to do. This was having an impact on customer satisfaction and meant we had to charge premium prices that made our product uncompetitive." You: "How did you go about the change?" In relation to the auditor's question about how the change was managed, the auditee mentions the steps listed below. Match the ISO 9001 clauses to the steps.
To complete the table, click on the blank section you want to complete so it is highlighted in red and then click on the ISO 9001 clauses listed below. Alternatively, drag and drop each clause to show which step the requirement applies to.
Answer:
Explanation:
Explanation:
Here is the correct matching of ISO 9001:2015 clauses to the steps mentioned in the change management process:
* We identified risks and opportunities and fed these into our risk management processes.
* Clause 6.1 (Actions to address risks and opportunities)
* We found a suitable supplier.
* Clause 8.4 (Control of externally provided processes, products, and services)
* We monitored customer feedback and noticed an increase in negative feedback about lead times.
* Clause 9.1.2 (Customer satisfaction)
* We put together a plan for implementation.
* Clause 6.2.2 (Planning to achieve quality objectives)
* We monitored the performance of the new supplier.
* Clause 8.4.2 (Type and extent of control of external providers)
* We noticed that productivity targets were being missed.
* Clause 9.1.1 (Monitoring, measurement, analysis, and evaluation)
* We communicated the plan internally.
* Clause 7.4 (Communication)
* We looked at the data at the management review and decided we needed to do something different.
* Clause 9.3.2 (Management review inputs)
* We reorganised the staffing and implemented redundancies.
* Clause 7.1.2 (People)
* We set an objective to effectively implement the transition and outsource manufacturing.
* Clause 6.2.1 (Quality objectives and planning to achieve them)
This aligns the steps of the change process with relevant ISO 9001:2015 clauses related to risk, planning, communication, and monitoring.
NEW QUESTION # 185
What is an advantage of group interviews?
- A. Auditors pay more attention to each interviewee
- B. Equal duration of time for each interviewee to answer questions
- C. Less time-consuming
Answer: C
Explanation:
Comprehensive and Detailed In-Depth Explanation:
Group interviews allow auditors to gather more information in less time by:
* Obtaining input from multiple participants simultaneously.
* Encouraging discussions that might highlight inconsistencies.
* Reducing the number of individual interviews needed.
While auditors strive for fairness, equal time for each interviewee is not guaranteed, and paying attention to each individual is more difficult in a group setting.
Reference:
ISO 19011:2018, Clause 6.4.6 (Conducting Interviews)
NEW QUESTION # 186
Match the process descriptions below to the process names:
Answer:
Explanation:
Explanation:
Match the process descriptions below to the process names:
The process by which the accuracy of test equipment is checked against a known standard. = Calibration The process by which a product or service is visually examined to determine conformity to requirements. = Evaluation The process by which data is examined in detail to reach a specific answer or answers. = Analysis The process by which a parameter of a product or service is examined to determine a specific value. = Measurement According to the ISO 9000:2015 - Quality management systems - Fundamentals and vocabulary, the definitions of the process names are as follows:
Calibration: operation that, under specified conditions, in a first step, establishes a relation between the quantity values with measurement uncertainties provided by measurement standards and corresponding indications with associated measurement uncertainties and, in a second step, uses this information to establish a relation for obtaining a measurement result from an indication.
Evaluation: determination of the suitability, adequacy or effectiveness of an object to achieve established objectives.
Analysis: detailed examination of the elements or structure of something.
Measurement: process to experimentally obtain one or more quantity values that can reasonably be attributed to a quantity.
Therefore, the process descriptions can be matched to the process names based on these definitions.
References:
ISO 9000:2015 - Quality management systems - Fundamentals and vocabulary
NEW QUESTION # 187
During a third-party surveillance audit, the auditor finds that the management review meeting minutes record that the improvement actions set by the previous review have not been completed for a second year running. It states that a new Quality Manager has been brought in at the middle management level to rectify the situation.
You learn that top management is not involved in the QMS other than being copied into the minutes of the management review meeting.
The audit reveals that the new Quality Manager was given responsibility by top management to:
a) take accountability for the effectiveness of the QMS,
b) select, approve, and monitor improvement actions without involving and reporting to top management, c) promote the improvement of the QMS, and d) make efficient use of the limited financial and personnel resources allocated for the QMS by top management.
The auditor considers whether there is a nonconformity against clause 5.1.1 of ISO 9001:2015.
Select two options of the evidence required for such a nonconformity:
- A. The Quality Manager does not have access to the resources needed for the QMS.
- B. The Quality Manager avoids giving improvement actions to the Chief Executive.
- C. The Chief Executive never attends the management review meetings in person.
- D. The Quality Manager only reports to one designated senior manager.
- E. The Quality Manager is on target to complete only half of the improvement actions.
- F. Top management is not accountable for the effectiveness of the QMS.
Answer: A,F
Explanation:
Comprehensive and Detailed In-Depth Explanation:
Clause 5.1.1 of ISO 9001:2015 - Leadership and Commitment - specifically mandates that top management must take accountability for the effectiveness of the QMS. They are also responsible for ensuring:
* Integration of the QMS into business processes (5.1.1 c)
* Promotion of customer focus and continual improvement (5.1.1 d, i)
* Availability of necessary resources (5.1.1 e)
* That the QMS achieves its intended results (5.1.1 g)
Let's analyze the selected options:
# A. Top management is not accountable for the effectiveness of the QMS.
This directly violates clause 5.1.1 a, which explicitly requires top management to take accountability for the effectiveness of the QMS. Delegating this to a middle-level Quality Manager, as described in the scenario, constitutes a nonconformity.
# F. The Quality Manager does not have access to the resources needed for the QMS.
According to clause 5.1.1 e, top management must ensure the availability of required resources for maintaining and improving the QMS. If the Quality Manager is resource-constrained, it indicates top management has failed to meet this requirement.
Now, why the other options are incorrect in terms of direct clause 5.1.1 nonconformity:
# B. Avoiding giving improvement actions to the Chief Executive - While this may reflect poor communication, it is not, by itself, a clear breach of 5.1.1 unless linked directly to top management's lack of accountability or commitment.
# C. Chief Executive never attending meetings - ISO 9001 does not require physical attendance of the Chief Executive at management reviews. What matters is whether top management is fulfilling their roles, not how.
# D. Completing only half of improvement actions - This indicates performance issues but does not necessarily indicate top management's lack of accountability, unless they failed to monitor progress entirely.
# E. Reporting to one designated senior manager - This is not inherently nonconforming unless that senior manager does not fulfill top management's responsibilities under 5.1.1.
Relevant ISO 9001:2015 Reference:
* Clause 5.1.1 a, e, g, h:
"Top management shall demonstrate leadership and commitment with respect to the quality management system by:
a) taking accountability for the effectiveness of the quality management system; e) ensuring that the resources needed for the quality management system are available..."
NEW QUESTION # 188
Put the following steps of a third-party audit into the correct sequence in which they happen.
Answer:
Explanation:
Explanation:
Sequence:
Stage 1 Audit
Stage 2 Opening Meeting
Interviews
Stage 2 Closing Meeting
Close-out of Stage 2 Audit Findings
Issue Certificate
Surveillance Audit
Follow-up Audit
To complete the sequence, you can drag and drop the options to the appropriate blank section.
Here is a brief explanation of each step:
Stage 1 Audit: This is the initial audit that aims to assess the readiness of the organization for the stage 2 audit. It involves reviewing the documentation of the quality management system, evaluating the scope and objectives of the audit, and identifying any major gaps or nonconformities34.
Stage 2 Opening Meeting: This is the meeting that marks the start of the stage 2 audit. It involves confirming the audit plan, the audit criteria, the audit scope, and the audit team. It also provides an opportunity for the auditee to ask any questions or raise any concerns34.
Interviews: This is the main activity of the stage 2 audit, where the audit team collects evidence by interviewing the personnel involved in the quality management system, observing the processes and activities, and examining the records and documents. The audit team uses various techniques, such as sampling, measurement, analysis, and evaluation, to verify the conformity and effectiveness of the quality management system345.
Stage 2 Closing Meeting: This is the meeting that marks the end of the stage 2 audit. It involves presenting the audit findings, the audit conclusions, and the audit report to the auditee. It also provides an opportunity for the auditee to provide feedback, ask questions, or dispute any findings34.
Close-out of Stage 2 Audit Findings: This is the process of verifying that the auditee has taken appropriate corrective actions to address any nonconformities or opportunities for improvement identified during the stage
2 audit. The audit team may request evidence or conduct a follow-up visit to confirm the effectiveness of the corrective actions34.
Issue Certificate: This is the process of issuing a certificate of conformity to the auditee, if the audit team is satisfied that the quality management system meets the requirements of the standard and that there are no major nonconformities or unresolved issues. The certificate is valid for a specified period, usually three years, and is subject to periodic surveillance audits34.
Surveillance Audit: This is the process of conducting periodic audits, usually once a year, to monitor the continued conformity and effectiveness of the quality management system. It involves reviewing the changes, improvements, and performance of the quality management system, and identifying any new nonconformities or opportunities for improvement34.
Follow-up Audit: This is the process of conducting an additional audit, usually in response to a significant change, a complaint, or a major nonconformity, to verify the impact and the corrective actions taken by the auditee. It may result in the suspension, withdrawal, or renewal of the certificate, depending on the outcome of the audit34.
NEW QUESTION # 189
......
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